What does the 'quattro' stand for in Audi models and how does it impact the drivetrain?

I've heard that Audi cars are equipped with 'quattro' technology, but I'm not sure what it really means and how it affects the performance. Can someone clarify?

The word 'quattro' means 'four' in Italian and is used to refer to Audi's all-wheel drive system. It distributes power between all four wheels for improved traction and stability, especially in adverse weather conditions.