How does the Audi A7 quattro system work?

I've been hearing a lot about the A7 quattro system, but I'm not quite sure what it is or how it works. Can someone please explain it to me?

The Audi A7 quattro system is a unique all-wheel drive system that constantly monitors road conditions and distributes power to each wheel accordingly. This allows for better traction and handling, especially in inclement weather. I've personally found it to be a game changer in driving on slippery roads.